Page 30 - Acoustic Fluid Level Measurements
P. 30
I-12 ACOUSTIC FLUID LEVEL MEASUREMENTS IN OIL AND GAS WELLS HANDBOOK
Petroleum Extension-The University of Texas at Austin
acoustic velocity and, 9-4 inflow performance relation (IPR) and, 1-10 to 1-22
determining distance to liquid level and, 5-15 necessary information for analysis of, 1-4 to 1-5
downhole marker analysis and, 5-8 to 5-9 requirements for visualization of, 1-23
of an ESP well, 2-21f stabilized conditions for determining, 1-23
gas wells, 9-17f well tests, 1-5 to 1-10
general configuration of, 6-5 to 6-6 well potential
importance of, 2-2, 4-19, 6-3, 8-2 analysis of, 6-1 to 6-2
offshore gas wells, 9-15, 9-16f designing the artificial lift and, 1-2
overview of, 4-15 ESP well, 2-20
schematic of, 2-17f overestimating, 1-17
stratified annular gas column, 2-32f producing near, 8-1
wellbore diagram pump displacement capacity and, 8-4
casing integrity test, 2-28f, 2-31f SBHP and, 1-6
flowing gas well, 2-26f well productivity
multiple producing zones, 7-13 analysis of ESP wells and, 8-22f
overlaying on acoustic record, 2-1 deviated wellbore and, 2-10, 2-11f
overview of, 1-4 to 1-5 efficiency in a rod-pumped well, 8-2 to 8-3
wellbore geometry. See also wellbore. hole in tubing and, 9-25, 9-25f
complex, 7-26, 8-31 identifying what is limiting production in, 8-2
critical rate as function of, 9-2 knowledge of lacking in oilfields, 8-3
determining distance to liquid level and, 5-15 lack of pressure transient tests and, 7-1
fluid distribution and, 7-5 liquid loading and, 9-1
importance of knowledge of, 1-4, 2-1, 6-20, 8-2 loss of during SBHP test, 1-9, 7-2
wellbore radius, 1-12 loss of during variable rate flow test, 1-17
wellbore schematic. See wellbore completion data. overestimating, 1-17, 1-24
wellbore storage effect, 1-9 rate of, 1-12
wellbore summary report reasons for inefficiencies in pumping wells, 8-1
annular pressure distribution, 8-24f simple well, 2-7, 2-7f
casing integrity test, 2-31f tapered tubing well, 2-13 to 2-14, 2-13f
general example of, 2-7f, 2-10, 2-10f, 2-13, 2-13f wells
pressure distribution, 2-19f accepted concepts in production, 1-7
producing and static fluid levels, 2-21f classification of, 6-5 to 6-6, 6-5f
stratified annular gas column, 2-37f gassy, 8-18
well configuration data. See wellbore completion data. keeping pumped off, 1-20
well drawdown, 1-6 with multiple producing zones, 8-7, 8-23 to 8-26
well efficiency, 1-2, 1-2f, 1-3, 1-3f operated intermittently, 8-30
wellhead over-pumped, 8-3, 8-3f
conditions at, 2-27 potential of, 1-13 to 1-14, 1-23, 8-3
connecting a gas gun to, 8-27f preparation of, 4-14 to 4-15, 4-14f
distance to gas gun, 2-3 that kick, 8-17 to 8-18
gas samples taken from, 3-7, 5-10 well spacing, 1-12
wellhead pressure well stimulation, 1-24
background noise and, 5-15 well unloading, 10-2, 10-24, 10-26 to 10-34, 11-5. See also
high, 4-9, 4-19 unloading, tubing.
low, 4-15 wireless communications, advances in and acoustic signal
obtaining acoustic signal and, 3-22 acquisition, 4-10
variations in, 7-12f wireline-conveyed equipment, 1-9, 7-1
well performance wireline flowing pressure survey, 9-1, 9-10
analyzing from acoustic fluid level measurements, 1-4 to
1-5 wireline log, 5-12, 6-3
defined, 1-1 wireline retrievable valve mandrel, 10-23
determining optimum and current, 1-1 to 1-4 WOR. See water/oil ratio (WOR).
effect of tubing anchors on, 8-13
efficiency and, 1-2 to 1-3, 1-3f zero net liquid flow, 6-5, 6-6, 6-18, 8-26, 9-1, 9-9
importance of SBHP and PBHP in, 1-4 zones, multiple producing, 8-27f
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