Page 4 - Acoustic Fluid Level Measurements

Contents v

Petroleum Extension-The University of Texas at Austin
6. Calculating Wellbore Pressure Distribution from Acoustic Fluid Level Surveys 6-1
Well Performance and Potential Analysis 6-1
Fluid and Pressure Distribution in Pumping Wells 6-2
Calculating Producing Pressure Distribution 6-4
Wellbore and Completion Classification 6-5
Pressure Calculation 6-6
Gas Gravity 6-7
Fraction of Liquid in a Gaseous Column 6-7
Liquid Level Depression Test 6-7
Procedure for Walker Test Acquisition and Analysis 6-10
Correlations for Determining the Gaseous Liquid Column Gradient 6-16
Annular Gas Flow Rate Determination 6-18
Quality Control of Pressure Calculations 6-21
Production Stabilization 6-21
Percentage of Liquid in the Annular Gaseous Column 6-22
Fluid Level Depth 6-22
Height of the Gaseous Liquid Column 6-22
Calculating SBHP in Pumping Wells 6-22
Summary 6-24
References 6-25
7. Applied Well Testing for Pressure Transient Data Acquisition 7-1
Programmed Fluid Level Surveys 7-2
Automatic Acoustic Fluid Level Survey 7-2
Special Requirements of Programmed Acoustic Data Acquisition and Processing 7-3
Surface Pressure Measurements 7-4
Wellbore Fluid Composition and Distribution 7-5
Pressure Distribution Calculation 7-6
Recommended Test Procedures and Practical Implicaions 7-6
Beam-Pumped Wells 7-8
ESP and PCP Wells 7-13
Gas Lift Wells 7-13
Gas Wells 7-13
Wells with Multiple Producing Zones 7-13
Example Field Tests 7-14
Well A 7-14
Well B 7-17
Well C 7-20
Well D 7-20
Well E 7-23
Summary 7-23
References 7-26

8. Applications of Fluid Level Measurements to Pumping Wells 8-1
Production Efficiency in Rod-Pumped Wells 8-2
Pump-Off: Excessive Pump Capacity 8-3
Gas Interference 8-4
Potentially Misleading Acoustic Fluid Level Surveys 8-5
Choked Pump 8-5
Annular Fluid Gradient Inversion 8-6
Liquid Level Depression Tests Confirm Gradient Inversion 8-10
Effect of Tubing Anchor on Well Performance 8-13

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