Page 2 - Acoustic Fluid Level Measurements

Contents iii

Petroleum Extension-The University of Texas at Austin
Contents

Figures viii
Tables xiv
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xix
About the Authors xxi
1. Visualizing Well Performance 1-1
Determining Optimum and Current Well Performance 1-1
Well Performance Analysis from Acoustic Fluid Level Measurements 1-4
What Must Be Known for Well Performance Analysis? 1-4
Well Tests 1-5
Static Bottomhole Pressure 1-6
Producing Bottomhole Pressure 1-6
Calculating the PBHP 1-7
Calculating the SBHP 1-9
Public Domain Acoustic Fluid Level Software 1-10
Inflow Performance Relations 1-10
Pressure above the Bubble Point 1-12
Pressure below the Bubble Point 1-14
Determining the IPR from a Multi-Rate Flow Test 1-17
Estimating the IPR Relation from a One-Rate Well Test 1-18
Other Inflow Performance Models 1-20
Multi-Rate Flow Test Monitored with Acoustic Fluid Level Records 1-21
Summary 1-22
References 1-24
Bibliography 1-25
2. Examples of Fluid Level Surveys in Producing and Static Wells 2-1
Guidelines for Acoustic Record Analysis 2-1
Guidelines for Quality Control of Acoustic Data 2-1
Acoustic Signal Acquisition Recommendations 2-3
Liquid Level Echo is Not Clearly Identifiable 2-3
Example Acoustic Records and Analysis 2-3
Example 1, Simple Wellbore with Uniform Casing and Tubing Diameters 2-5
Example 2, Deviated Wellbore 2-8
Example 3, Tapered Tubing and Casing Liner 2-10
Example 4, Well with Blast Joint Opposite Upper Perforations 2-14
Example 5, ESP Well Casing Shots: Producing and Static Well 2-15
Producing Fluid Level Record 2-18
Static Fluid Level Record 2-20
Example 6, ESP Well with Hole in the Tubing 2-20
Detailed Analysis of Multiple Echoes 2-24
Example 7, Surface-Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve (SCSSSV) Testing 2-25
Case A: Correctly Operating Safety Valve 2-25
Case B: Malfunctioning Safety Valve 2-25
Example 8, Corrosion Survey of Intermediate Casing 2-27

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