Page 5 - A Primer of Oilwell Service and Workover Completion
P. 5

.   The beam pumping unit      .  A drill stem test tool records   .  A hydraulic ram raises
        Petroleum Extension-The University of Texas at Austin
                  is a familiar sight in oil       pressure and samples the        the mast to the vertical
                  country.                       formation fluid.              position.              
             .  Gears transfer power from   .  A driller’s log           .  A doubles rig is tall and
                  the prime mover and slow    .  A core is a cylinder of rock    strong enough for stands
                  the fast rotating motion of      a few inches in diameter        of two joints screwed
                  the prime mover to a more        drilled from deep in the        together.              
                  correct pumping speed.         earth.                    .  Guy lines from mast to
             .   A steel sucker rod has a flat   .  An acoustic log is a curved   carrier and from mast to
                  section where a wrench can       line that moves horizontally    anchors in the ground
                  grip it and a threaded pin       to show the speed of the        stabilize the mast.    
                  on each end.                   sound waves and vertically    .  A pole mast and a
             .  A sucker rod coupling            to show depth.                structural mast        
                  connects the rod pins to    .  This acoustic sonde has     .  A truck-mounted rig   
                  make up a string of sucker       one transmitter and two     .  A tractor pulls a trailer rig
                  rods.                          receivers.                    carrying prime movers.   
             .   A sucker rod pump at the   .  An SP log and a resistivity   .  A back-in carrier rig’s cab is
                  bottom of the sucker rod         log                           opposite the bottom of the
                  string lifts the reservoir    .  Calipers measure the          mast.                  
                  fluids to the surface.         diameter of the open hole,   .  A drive-in carrier unit’s cab
             .  A soft-packed plunger has        tubing, or casing.            is on the same end as the
                  rubber or fabric rings      .  A dipmeter survey shows         bottom of the mast.    
                  around a metal mandrel.        where and how much the      .  Rigs designed to be moved
             .  Plunger movement in a            formation dips in relation      by helicopter can be broken
                  sucker rod pump                to the wellbore.              down into component
             .  A gas anchor is attached    to   .  A perforation depth control   packages.           
                  the bottom of a sucker           (PDC) log                 .  The mast on this slant-hole
                  rod pump.                                                      rig is tilted to °, its
             .  Insert and tubing pumps                                        maximum tilt.          
             .  Single-stage electric      .   Gas-cap drive            .  Offshore service and work-
                  submersible pump          .  Water can bypass oil in the     over rig               
             .  Impeller blades in a            reservoir by fingering.     .  This coiled tubing unit
                  submersible pump          .   Several reservoirs may be      is mounted on a trailer.   
             .  An open hydraulic system        stacked.                  .  Rope or chain wrapped
                  has surface and downhole                                         around the catheads is
                  components.                                                    attached to manual
             .  A downhole hydraulic       .  A small, light-duty unit      tongs.                 
                  pump                      .  A medium-duty unit        .  A chain or a line from the
             .  Gas lift valves are installed   .  A large, heavy-duty unit     cathead attaches to a long
                  in the tubing at various    .  The mast is in the horizontal,   handle on manual tongs
                  depths.                                                        to make up and break out
                                                   or headache, position while
                                                   being transported.            pipe.                  









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